Pa June 4, China Powder Network inayang'ana kwambiri nkhani ya Wang Qian, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Shandong Huate Magnetoelectric Company ndi luso la ukadaulo ndi chitukuko cha gulu lake, ndi mutu wakuti "Kulimbana ndi Woyambitsa Makampani".
Zomwe Zili mu Mafunso Okhudza China Powder Network
Ku Linqu County, Weifang, Shandong, m'dera lakale la Yimeng, kuli kampani yodziwika bwino yopanga zida zamagetsi zamagetsi. Popeza ndi yoyera komanso yosauka, imachokera kumakampani opanga maginito olekanitsa migodi, pang'onopang'ono komanso mosalekeza, ndipo nthawi zonse imadziposa yokha. Patatha zaka 28, yapita lero. Patsogolo pamakampani opanga magetsi zamagetsi ku China, ndi Shandong Huate Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd.
Mu 1993, woyambitsa kampaniyo komanso wapampando Wang Zhaolian adakumana ndi achinyamata awiri omwe anali ofunitsitsa kuyamba ntchito. Anapeza ma yuan 10,000 ndipo anayamba bizinesi yawo ndi nyumba ziwiri zokhala ndi udzu komanso ofesi. Anayang'ana kwambiri njira yawo yopezera bizinesi yopangira ndi kupanga zida zolekanitsa zitsulo, ndipo adapanga gulu loyamba la zida zolekanitsa zitsulo zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya mu Meyi 1995, kenako adapanga zida zolekanitsa zitsulo zokhazikika komanso zida zoziziritsa ndi mafuta.
Kuyambira pomwe idapangidwa, Shandong Huate yakula mpaka kukhala ndi makampani 8 am'dziko muno ndi makampani awiri akunja, okhala ndi chuma choposa 600 miliyoni yuan ndi antchito oposa 800. Zogulitsa zake zimatumizidwa ku Australia, Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Brazil, South Africa, ndi zina zotero. Maziko 30 opangira zida zamaginito apamwamba m'maiko atatu.
Pambuyo pa zaka 28 za chitukuko chopitilira, Shandong Huate yadutsa bwino makampani opanga zida zamankhwala apamwamba komanso mafakitale a zida zamagetsi zamagetsi. Zinthu zomwe zapangidwa zakula kuchokera pa chochotsera chitsulo choyamba kupita ku dongosolo la maginito lowongolera maginito, ndi makina olekanitsa maginito owongolera maginito owongolera maginito, Electromagnetic, maginito okhazikika olekanitsa maginito, stirrer, zida zophwanyira ndi kugawa zinthu, zida zonse zamigodi, zida zonse zolekanitsa zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, zida zonse zolekanitsa mafuta amadzimadzi am'madzi ndi madzi otulutsa, zida zonse zotulutsira maginito, ndi zina zotero, ndipo mitundu yonse ya zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani oyambira migodi ya malasha kupita kumadera opitilira 10 kuphatikiza migodi, mphamvu zamagetsi, zitsulo, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe, chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi kuzimitsa moto.
Shandong Huate ndi kampani yoyesera zinthu zatsopano padziko lonse, kampani yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse, kampani yapadera komanso yatsopano ya "katswiri" pamlingo wadziko lonse, kampani yowonetsa chuma chanzeru, kampani yotsogola mu Torch Plan Linqu Magnetoelectric Equipment Characteristic Industrial Base, ndi China Heavy Machinery Vice Chairman Unit ya Industrial Association, Chairman Unit ya Innovation Strategic Alliance of Magnetoelectricity and Cryogenic Superconducting Magnets, Single Champion of Manufacturing in Shandong Province, ndi Gazelle Enterprise ku Shandong Province. Pofuna kukonza luso la kampaniyo pa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kukulitsa gulu lalikulu laukadaulo, ndikupereka bwino ntchito zonse kwa makasitomala amigodi, kampaniyo yakhazikitsa malo ogwirira ntchito ofufuza zasayansi pambuyo pa udokotala, malo ogwirira ntchito ophunzirira, malo ogwirira ntchito aukadaulo wamagetsi a chigawo, ndi kiyi ya zida zaukadaulo wamagetsi a chigawo. Mapulatifomu asanu ndi anayi a R&D m'chigawo ndi kupitirira apo, kuphatikiza labotale ndi Shandong Industrial Design Center, akhala maziko opanga zida zamaginito.
Pa June 3, 2021, moyitanidwa ndi a Wang Zhaolian, mtsogoleri wa National Ten Thousand Talents Program komanso Wapampando wa Shandong Huate Magnetoelectric Technology Co., Ltd., a Song Chunxin, manejala wamkulu wa Fanxiangtong Division of China Powder Network, adapita ku kampaniyo. Magulu awiriwa adakambirana mozama za mgwirizano wa bizinesi. Kenako, motsogozedwa ndi Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti Wang Qian wa kampaniyo, China Powder Network idapita ku Walter Science and Technology Museum, Sino-German Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectricity and Intelligent Mineral Processing (Shandong Key Laboratory of Magnetic Application Equipment), Scale Testing Center, ndi mphamvu yamaginito yapamwamba, malo opangira zida zamagetsi, ndi zina zotero.
Pomaliza, poyang'anizana ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri woterewu, mtolankhani wochokera ku China Powder Network adagwiritsa ntchito mwayiwu kuchita kuyankhulana kwapadera ndi Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Shandong Huate wachinyamata komanso wodalirika, a Wang Qian. Bambo Wang ali muubwino wa kampaniyo, chitukuko cha malonda ndi chitukuko cha makampani, ndi zina zotero. Adapereka chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane kwa atolankhani.
Netiweki ya Powder: Moni, Bambo Wang, tonse tikudziwa kuti Walter Magnet idakhazikitsidwa mu 1993. Kuchokera ku workshop yaying'ono chaka chimenecho, yakula kukhala "wopereka chithandizo cha maginito padziko lonse lapansi", Walter Magnet. M'zaka 28 izi, ndiyenera kuti ndakumana ndi zambiri, monga zovuta za kampani yoyambira komanso zovuta za nthawi yosinthira. Monga momwe tikudziwira, Bambo Wang, mudaphunzira zaka 8 kunja ndikuphunzira zina. Nchiyani chinakupangitsani kusiya mwayi wanu wopititsa patsogolo ntchito kunja ndikubwerera mumzinda wa Weifang ku Shandong, kubwerera ku Huate ndikukhalabe ku Huate molimba mtima. Lowani nawo makampani opanga zida zamaginito?
Bambo Wang: Walter Magnet idakhazikitsidwa mu 1993. Makolo anga adanditumiza kunja kukaphunzira mu 2011. Nthawi imeneyo inali nthawi yovuta kwambiri pakukula kwa ntchito ya makolo anga, koma adagwiritsabe ntchito ndalama zambiri kuti anditumize kuti ndikapitirize maphunziro. Kulima, pakadali pano ndikuyamikira kwambiri makolo anga. Kuyambira pomwe bizinesiyo idayamba, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zidandilimbikitsa kubwerera ndi bambo anga, yemwe adayambitsa Shandong Huate Magnetoelectricity. Kwa zaka 28, wakhala akudzipereka pakufufuza ndi chitukuko ndi kukulitsa mafakitale aukadaulo wa magnetoelectric ndi maginito. Moyo wake ndi ntchito yake zandipangitsa kuyamikira. Kuphatikiza pa zaka zambiri zoleredwa, wakhala akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi miyambo yabwino ya dziko la China ndili wachinyamata mu nthawi yatsopano. Nditapambana maphunziro anga, ndili ndi udindo waukulu wotumikira dziko langa. Pansi pa izi, ndinasankha kubwerera kwa Walter ndikudzipereka kukukula ndikukula kwa Walter Magneto.
Netiweki ya Ufa: Ndingafunse a Wang, kuchokera ku malonda oyamba a zolekanitsa chitsulo, Huate Magneto yapereka zinthu zambiri m'magawo opitilira khumi monga migodi, malasha, mphamvu zamagetsi, zitsulo, zitsulo zopanda chitsulo, kuteteza chilengedwe, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zina, komanso chithandizo chamankhwala. Zinthu zaukadaulo wa maginito. Ndikufuna kufunsa a Wang, ndi magawo ati omwe kusintha ndi kukweza kwa zinthu za Walter Magneto kwadutsa? Kodi zinthu zazikulu za kampani yanu ndi ziti pakadali pano?
Bambo Wang: Zinthu za Huate zitha kunenedwa kuti zasinthidwa ndi kukulitsidwa kosawerengeka. Mu 1993, chochotsera chitsulo chokhazikika cha maginito choyamba chinatuluka, ndipo chinagwira ntchito yochotsa chitsulo ndikuchepetsa chitsulo kuti chikhale ufa wa simenti. Kuyambira 2000, abambo anga adapeza mwayi watsopano wamabizinesi kudzera mu luso lawo la msika ndipo adasanduka gawo la zida zolekanitsa maginito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mchere, zomwe nthawi zambiri timazitcha kuti zolekanitsa maginito. Pakati pa 2000-2003, tinasintha ukadaulo wamafakitale ndikupanga cholekanitsa maginito cha m'badwo woyamba cha maginito, chomwe chidagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ku mafakitale ochapira malasha, kuphatikiza migodi yachitsulo. Kuti tipitirize kukulitsa unyolo wamakampani, kenako tinapanga cholekanitsa maginito chamagetsi. Mfundo yake ndi kupanga mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba kwambiri kudzera mu coil yolimbikitsidwa. Mphamvu yake yamagetsi imatha kufika nthawi 3-4 kuposa mphamvu yamagetsi yokhazikika, zomwe zimathetsa vuto la kukonza mchere kovuta m'dziko langa. , Kukweza mtundu wa concentrate. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo mpikisano wa zinthu zathu, tachita kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri zoyendetsera magetsi, kuswa ulamuliro wapadziko lonse, komanso kupanga bwino njira zamagetsi zoyendetsera magetsi zamagetsi, zida zamagetsi zoyendetsera magetsi zamagetsi, zida zoyendetsera magetsi zamagetsi, ndi zida zoyendetsera magetsi zamagetsi. Chochotsa zitsulo chotsogolera. Tinganene kuti msewu wa Huate wopita patsogolo ndi njira yatsopano yopitilira. Tsopano tikuyang'ana kwambiri gawo la kafukufuku ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wapamwamba, ndipo tapanga zinthu zingapo zamakono, monga kutulutsa maginito, kukakamiza maginito ndi zida zina zamakono. Izi ndi njira zamakono zopangira zinthu zathu.
Netiweki ya Powder: "Kupanga zinthu zatsopano" ndi khadi la bizinesi lodabwitsa la kampani yanu. Kodi ndi zovuta ziti zomwe zili mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wolekanitsa maginito? Kodi kampani yanu yachita ntchito yotani panjira yatsopano?
Bambo Wang: Tisanagulitse zinthu, kufufuza ndi kupanga zinthu ndiye cholumikizira chovuta kwambiri, ndipo ndichonso cholumikizira chovutitsa kwambiri. Tinakumananso ndi zovuta zambiri pakufufuza ndi kupanga zida zathu zolekanitsa maginito, monga zovuta za zinthu zokhazikika zamaginito. Ndi mphamvu yamkati yamaginito, ngodya yokulunga ndi mapangidwe ena, kudzera mu kapangidwe kosiyanasiyana ka maginito ndi kapangidwe ka madzi osambira, pamapeto pake zimatha kupanga zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zosonkhanitsira, kukula kwa ngodya yamkati yokulunga kumathanso kudziwa momwe zinthuzo zimasonkhanitsira. Mu njira yolekanitsa maginito yamagetsi yonyowa, kapangidwe ka njira yolekanitsira kangakhudzenso momwe zinthuzo zimagwiritsidwira ntchito. Chovuta chachikulu cha zinthu zamagetsi ndi njira yozizira ya coil, chifukwa njira yozizira ya coil imatsimikizira mwachindunji moyo wa ntchito wa gawo lofunikira la zidazo.
Mfundo zathu zatsopano zagawidwa m'magawo otsatirawa:
Choyamba, tayamba mgwirizano pakati pa mafakitale, kafukufuku, ndi maphunziro kuyambira 2004. Chifukwa cha mgwirizano wapafupi ndi Chinese Academy of Sciences ndi mabungwe ena apamwamba, tapita patsogolo pamaziko athu oyamba. Chifukwa cha mgwirizano wa akatswiri ambiri ndi akatswiri. Ndi chithandizo chokwanira, zinthu zathu zadziwika kwambiri mumakampaniwa.
Chachiwiri, takhazikitsa malo angapo oyesera ubwino kunja kwa dziko, motero tikukulitsa njira zathu zogulitsira kunja kwa dziko ndi zinthu zomwe makasitomala athu amagwiritsa ntchito, ndikubweretsa zinthu zawo zamtengo wapatali ku malo athu oyesera m'deralo, kuti makasitomala athe kuziwona pamalopo. Ndikosavuta kuwona zomwe zinthu zomwe zidasankhidwa ndi zida za Huate zingapeze komanso phindu lomwe lingapangidwe kwa iwo, zomwe zingathandize kuti zinthu zizigwira ntchito bwino komanso kukulitsa luso lawo lokopa.
Chachitatu, tinayambitsa mgwirizano wamakampani mu 2010, womwe umavomerezedwanso ngati mgwirizano woyeserera wadziko lonse ndi Unduna wa Sayansi ndi Ukadaulo. Ndife oyambitsa mgwirizanowu komanso wapampando wapano. Mgwirizanowu umagwirizanitsa mafakitale. Timayang'ana kwambiri zomwe zikuchitika pakukula kwa makampani ndi zovuta zawo, kufotokozera zofooka zomwe zili mumakampani, ndikukonzekera chitukuko chamtsogolo.
Chachinayi, monga kampani yachinsinsi, tapanga machitidwe ambiri amkati ndi mfundo zolimbikitsira. Timalimbikitsa antchito kuti akule, kuwalimbikitsa kutenga nawo mbali pamaphunziro osiyanasiyana komanso kusankha maudindo a ntchito, kuti antchito ndi kampani athe kuphatikizidwa ndikupita patsogolo limodzi. Pomaliza, monga wopanga zida zolekanitsa maginito, tasintha chitukuko cha kampaniyo mtsogolo kupita ku gawo la mgwirizano wamakampani a EPC. Izi sizimangokulitsa unyolo wathu wamafakitale, komanso zimakulitsa makasitomala athu padziko lonse lapansi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti Titha kupatsa makasitomala dongosolo lonse la kupindula ndi migodi, ndikupatsa makasitomala ntchito zonse za kupindula ndi migodi. Izi zikuphatikizapo kupanga njira yoyamba yopindulitsa, kusankha zida, kapangidwe ka fakitale yopindulitsa, mpaka zotsatira zomaliza, timapereka ntchito zonse, zomwe ndi njira yathu yayikulu yopititsira patsogolo mtsogolo.
Netiweki ya ufa: Mu Disembala 1998, cholekanitsa chitsulo chamagetsi choyamba chomwe chinapangidwa ku Linqu ndi Walter Magnetism chinafika ku Bangladesh kudutsa nyanja. Pambuyo pa zaka pafupifupi 28 za chitukuko, kodi msika wamkati ndi wakunja wazinthu zamagetsi za Huate ndi wotani? M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndi misika iti yomwe mabizinesi ambiri akugwiritsa ntchito?
Bambo Wang: Poyamba, tinkapereka ntchito makamaka m'magawo a malasha, zitsulo, simenti, ndi kupanga magetsi. Pambuyo pake, tinasanduka makampani opanga migodi. Pakadali pano, magulu athu a makasitomala kunyumba ndi kunja ndi amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zitsulo ndi miyala yosakhala yachitsulo. Miyala yachitsulo imaphatikizapo manganese, chitsulo, chromium ore, ndi zina zotero, ndipo miyala yosakhala yachitsulo imaphatikizapo mchenga wa quartz, kaolin, feldspar ndi zina zotero. Msika wamkati, kaya ku Fengyang Damiao Town Industrial Park kapena m'madera omwe migodi yosakhala yachitsulo imakhala yochuluka, monga Guangdong ndi Fujian, tili ndi makasitomala okhwima kwambiri ndipo kuzindikira makasitomala nako kuli kokwera kwambiri. M'misika yakunja, ndi chidwi cha oyang'anira akuluakulu a kampaniyo, palinso makasitomala ambiri okhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, chinthu chathu chapamwamba cholekanitsa maginito cha maginito osakhala achitsulo-cryogenic superconducting magnetic separators, chagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ku Europe; maginito athu ozungulira a electromagnetic vertical ring high gradient magnetic separators agwiritsidwanso ntchito ku Australia, Germany, Austria, ndi zina zotero zaka zambiri zapitazo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko otukuka.
Ufa wa mauna: Pa makina olekanitsa maginito osakhala achitsulo, ndi mfundo ziti zomwe makasitomala ayenera kuziganizira akamasankha?
Bambo Wang: Monga kampani yachinsinsi, chinthu choyamba chomwe chiyenera kuganiziridwa ndi zomwe kasitomala akufuna. Kodi akufuna kupanga zotsatira zotani pogwiritsa ntchito makina athu olekanitsa maginito? Ndikuganiza kuti choyamba tiyenera kupanga njira yopezera phindu yasayansi komanso yochokera ku umboni. Njirayi, pansi pa njirayi, kenako kudzera mu labotale yovomerezeka yokonza mchere ya magnetoelectric kuti tiyese, tidziwe njira yofunikira komanso chitsanzo cha zida. Ngati tipereka malingaliro olakwika pazinthu zomwe zili ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi, ngakhale mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi, ndikuganiza kuti iyi ndi mtundu wa mgwirizano wopanda pake kwambiri. Iyenera kutengera momwe kasitomala alili kuti apereke malingaliro pazida, ndikupangira yankho la zida zotsika mtengo kwambiri kwa kasitomala. Cholinga choyambirira cha anthu athu a Walter. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikasankhidwa, gawo lotsatira ndi kusankha chitsanzo. Tidzadziwa kukula kwa chitsanzocho malinga ndi mphamvu yake yogwiritsira ntchito.
Kumbali ya makasitomala, ndikufuna kutsindika kuti ubwino ndi moyo wa cholekanitsa maginito ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha zida. Kuti ndipereke chitsanzo chosavuta, maginito ambiri olekanitsa maginito a electromagnetic vertical ring high gradient amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'migodi yopanda zitsulo. Amachotsa zonyansa kuchokera ku iron oxide ndikukweza ubwino. Gawo lalikulu la cholekanitsa maginito cha vertical ring high gradient ndi coil, monga gawo la injini ya galimoto. Moyo wa coil udzakhudza mwachindunji moyo wa ntchito ya zida, ndipo moyo wa ntchito ya coil ndi wotsimikizika. Njira yake ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yoziziritsira yoyenera kuti mukhazikitse kutentha kwa coil mutatha kuyiyatsa kwa nthawi yayitali, kuti coil isakumane ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi ngozi zina panthawi yogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
Chifukwa chake, ndikuganiza kuti njira yozizira ya coil ndiyo yofunika kwambiri kuganizira kasitomala akasankha cholekanitsa maginito.
Netiweki ya Powder: Pansi pa mliriwu, kodi bizinesi ya kampani yanu yakhudzidwa pang'ono?
Purezidenti Wang: Pambuyo pa mliri wa 2020, sitinakhudzidwe kwambiri pamsika wamkati. Chifukwa ndi chitukuko cha mafakitale awa, monga kukwera kwa mitengo yachitsulo, kuwonjezeka kwa kufunikira, chitukuko chomveka bwino cha mafakitale a photovoltaic, ndi zina zotero, migodi yonse yachitsulo ndi yopanda zitsulo yabweretsa mwayi wopititsa patsogolo chitukuko. Monga wopanga zida zamigodi, chitukukochi chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi wopanga migodi. Ponseponse, dzikolo pakadali pano lili pamlingo wokwera. Kumbali ina, chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa mliriwu padziko lonse lapansi, misika yathu yakunja yakhudzidwa pang'ono ndipo sitingathe kutenga nawo mbali paziwonetsero zakunja. Pali kuchepa kwa maoda akunja. Komabe, tikusinthanso njira zathu zotsatsira malonda ndi malangizo kuti tipewe kutayika kwa misika yakunja. Onetsetsani kuti maoda m'misika yakunja ali okhazikika.
Netiweki ya Powder: Kodi kampaniyo ili ndi mapulani otani pankhani yokonza zinthu ndi kukulitsa msika mtsogolo?
Bambo Wang: Pachifukwa ichi, monga ndanenera kale, m'zaka 30 zapitazi, abambo anga akhala ndi mwayi wambiri wochita nawo mafakitale ena, koma akadali odzipereka pakupanga ndi R&D m'munda waukadaulo wamaginito, zomwe ndi zomwe tipitiliza kupanga mu gawo lotsatira. Chogulitsa chathu chotsatira chikadali kufufuza mozama kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamaginito. Pakadali pano, tikupanga chipangizo chotulutsa maginito, chomwe ndi ukadaulo wozimitsa moto m'nkhalango womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamaginito kukankhira mabomba ozimitsa moto. Kawirikawiri, njira yathu yamtsogolo yopangira Huat Magnetoelectricity ndikukonza ndikukweza zida zomwe zilipo zolekanitsa maginito, ndikukonzanso mokwanira ndikukweza mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi zotsatira zokonzera, kuti tipatse makasitomala a migodi zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zolekanitsa maginito. Chinanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kupanga ukadaulo wapamwamba monga ukadaulo wotulutsa maginito ndi kutulutsa maginito kosatha.
Netiweki ya Powder: Monga mtsogoleri mumakampani opanga maginito adziko lonse, kodi mukuganiza kuti zifukwa zofunika kwambiri zomwe kampaniyo yakwaniritsa pakadali pano ndi ziti? Nthawi yomweyo, kodi malingaliro anu ndi malingaliro anu ndi otani pakukula kwa makampani opanga zida zamaginito apakhomo?
Bambo Wang: Kukula kwa Walter Magnetoelectricity masiku ano sikusiyana ndi zifukwa zotsatirazi.
Choyamba, monga kampani yachinsinsi, tikamayang'ana kasitomala aliyense, nthawi zonse timaganiza kuchokera pamalingaliro a kasitomala, komanso chifukwa cha kasitomala. Kuyambira pakupanga njira yopezera phindu mpaka kusankha chinthu, ndipo potsiriza chinthu, nthawi zonse timayika kasitomala patsogolo.
Chachiwiri, mgwirizano wamkati ndi mgwirizano wa kampani yathu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Antchito a kampaniyo ali ndi lingaliro lamphamvu kwambiri loti ndi ofunika. Kaya ndi malonda, kafukufuku ndi chitukuko kapena kupanga, antchito a kampani nthawi zonse amayamba kuchokera ku malingaliro a kampaniyo akamachita zinthu.
Chachitatu ndi khalidwe la zinthu za kampaniyo. Makasitomala akatchula zinthu za Huate, amaganiza kuti zinthu za Huate ndi "vuto" ndipo sizingasweke. Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe timanyadira nacho kwambiri. Ponena za ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa, kwa ogulitsa zida oyenerera, ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito yonse yotumikira makasitomala. Sitingogulitsa zida zokha ndipo timatha. Tiyeneranso kupereka maulendo obwerezabwereza kwa makasitomala kwa nthawi yayitali. Pakakhala vuto ndi zida, tidzafika pamalowo mkati mwa maola 24, ndipo titha kuthetsa mavuto kwa makasitomala nthawi yochepa kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-10-2021