[Huate Mineral Processing Encyclopedia] Kuwulula zinsinsi za Kaolin: kusintha kokongola kuchokera ku dothi kupita ku zipangizo zamakono

[Huate Mineral Processing Encyclopedia] Kuwulula zinsinsi za Kaolin: kusintha kokongola kuchokera ku dothi kupita ku zipangizo zamakono

Kaolin ndi mchere wosakhala wachitsulo, mtundu wa dongo ndi miyala yadongo yomwe imapangidwa makamaka ndiMiyala ya dongo ya Kaolinite. Chifukwa ndi yoyera komanso yofewa, imatchedwanso nthaka ya Dolomitic. Imatchedwa dzina la Gaoling Village, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province. Kaolin yake yoyera ndi yoyera, yofewa, yofewa komanso yanthaka, ndipo ili ndi zinthu zabwino zakuthupi komanso zamakemikolo monga pulasitiki komanso kukana moto. Kapangidwe kake ka mchere kamakhala ndi Kaolinite, Halloysite, Hydromica, Illite, Montmorillonite, Quartz, Feldspar ndi zina.

Kaolin ndi mchere wodziwika bwino komanso wofunika kwambiri wa dongo. Umapangidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwa feldspar kapena mchere wina wa silicate m'miyala ya igneous ndi metamorphic m'malo okhala ndi acidic opanda zitsulo za alkali ndi zitsulo za alkaline earth.

01 Gulu

Kugawa nthaka

Michere yomwe ili mu Kaolin m'chilengedwe imagawidwa makamaka m'maminera a dongo ndi omwe si dongo. Pakati pawo, mchere wa dongo umaphatikizapo makamaka mchere wa Kaolinite ndi Montmorillonite yochepa, mica ndi Chlorite; mchere wosakhala dongo umaphatikizapo makamaka feldspar, quartz ndi mchere wosungunuka, komanso mchere wina wachitsulo monga hematite ndi Rhosite, Iron ore, Limonite, ndi zina zotero, mchere wa titanium monga Rutile, ndi zina zotero, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga ulusi wa zomera, ndi zina zotero. Ndi mchere wadongo womwe umatsimikizira mawonekedwe a Kaolin.

Kugawa chifukwa

Kutengera komwe Kaolin idachokera komanso kusiyana kwa Mineralization geology, momwe zinthu zilili, kukula kwa malo osungiramo zinthu, mawonekedwe a thupi la miyala ndi mawonekedwe ake, zigawo za zinthu za miyala zomwe zimawonetsedwa mu njira zosiyanasiyana za Mineralization, "Kaolin Mine Geological Exploration Code" idzagawa Kaolin ku China m'mitundu itatu ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi.

Mtundu wa nyengo:Imagawidwanso m'magulu awiri: weathering residual subtype ndi weathering leaching subtype.

Mtundu wa kusintha kwa kutentha kwa madzi:Imagawidwanso m'magulu awiri: kusintha kwa kutentha kwa madzi ndi kusintha kwa masika otentha amakono.

Mtundu wa sedimentary:Imagawidwa m'magulu a sedimentary ndi sedimentary-weathering ndi Kaolinite claystone subtype m'magulu okhala ndi malasha.

Mtundu wa Mafakitale

Kutengera ndi chiyambi cha malo osungiramo Kaolin, "Kaolin Mine Geological Exploration Specifications" imagawa malo osungiramo Kaolin ku China m'mitundu itatu ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi malinga ndi kusiyana kwa malo osungiramo Mineralization, mikhalidwe ya malo, kukula kwa malo osungiramo, mawonekedwe a thupi la miyala ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndi zigawo za zinthu za miyala zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana za Mineralization. Malinga ndi kapangidwe kake, pulasitiki, ndi gawo la mchenga, amagawidwa m'mitundu itatu:

ZolimbaKaolin: Yolimba komanso yopanda pulasitiki, imakhala pulasitiki ikaphwanyidwa ndi kuphwanyidwa.

WofewaKaolin:yofewa, yapulasitiki kwambiri, gawo la mchenga <50%.

SandyKaolin:kapangidwe kofewa, pulasitiki yofooka, gawo la mchenga> 50%.

02 Chiyambi

Ma mineral a Kaolin ku China ali pakati pa apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi, ndi minerals 267 zotsimikizika ndi matani 2.91 biliyoni osungidwa. Pakati pawo: Ma minerals a Kaolin osapangidwa ndi malasha m'dziko langa ali pa nambala 5 padziko lonse lapansi. Ma minerals otsimikizika ndi matani 1.468 biliyoni, makamaka m'zigawo za Guangdong, Shaanxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan ndi Jiangsu, zomwe zimapangitsa 84.55% ya minerals yonse ya dzikolo; Ma minerals a Kaolin (Kaolinite) opangidwa ndi malasha ku China ali pa nambala 1 padziko lonse lapansi, ndi matani 1.442 biliyoni osungidwa, makamaka ku Datong, Huairen, Shuozhou, Shanxi, Jungar, Wuda, Inner Mongolia, Huaibei, Anhui, Hancheng, Shaanxi, ndi zina zotero, pakati pawo pali Jungar coalfield ku Inner Mongolia yomwe ili ndi minerals zambiri.

Pali malo asanu akuluakulu a Kaolin ku China:

(1) Tawuni ya Jiepai, Chigawo cha Hengyang, Chigawo cha Hunan chili ndi mchere wochuluka. Malo osungiramo Kaolin, Nepheline, Feldspar ndi Quartz amafika matani 200 miliyoni, ndipo pali makampani pafupifupi 40 opanga migodi ndi mineral. Dera la migodi la Dapailing (makamaka migodi ya Kaolin) lili ndi mgodi umodzi wosungiramo matani 80 miliyoni, womwe uli pamalo oyamba ku Asia. Ntchito za migodi zomwe mzindawu umatulutsa pachaka ndi matani opitilira 500,000, zomwe zimapereka mafakitale mazana ambiri a ceramic mdziko lonselo.

(2) Kaolin m'dera la Maoming. Mchere wa Kaolin womwe uli mu Chidebe cha Maoming ndi miyala ya sedimentary yomwe yawonongeka ndi madzi amchere. Quartz ndi mchenga wina uli ndi 50%, kotero umatchedwa mchere wa Kaolin wamchenga. Ponena za chiyambi chake, Maoming Kaolin yadutsa magawo atatu a zotsalira za nyengo - kunyamula ndi kudzipukutira yokha - kenako kuzizira. Kaolin imazizira kwathunthu, ndipo ma wafers makamaka ndi monolithic yokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zopangira zopangira mapepala.

(3) Longyan Kaolin ndi malo otsala a Kaolin omwe awonongeka. Popeza chitsulo chili ndi zochepera 0.3%, titaniyamu ndi yochepera 0.02%, ndipo ili ndi zinthu zina zosungunulira kutentha kochepa (Li2O), ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chopangira porcelain yamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kwapamwamba, komanso porcelain yaluso.

(4) Suzhou Yangshan Kaolin, malo awa ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa madzi.Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a matope a Suzhou Yangshan okhala ndi kapangidwe koyera ndi kofanana kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka Kaolinite. Kuchuluka kwa Al2O3 kumatha kufika pa 39.0%, ndi utoto woyera ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zonyamulira zothandizira ndi zopangira mankhwala.

(5) Hepu Kaolin. Ndi malo otsala a Kaolin omwe awonongeka. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zipangizo zopangira zinthu zomangira.

(6) Kaolin ya malasha akumpoto. Ndi Kaolinite wopangidwa ndi sedimentary, womwe umapezeka makamaka m'madera omwe amapanga malasha m'dziko langa, ndipo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pomanga, kuphimba, utoto ndi kupanga mapepala - nthaka yopangidwa ndi malasha.

Madera asanu ndi limodzi akuluakulu opanga zinthu omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa ndi opitilira 80% ya zomwe China imatulutsa, ndipo ndi omwe amaimira kwambiri mitundu ya zinthu.

03Use

Kaolin ili ndi ntchito zambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha pulasitiki yake, kumatira, mphamvu zina zouma, mphamvu zosungunula ndi kuyera pambuyo poyaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chachikulu chopangira ceramic; ndi yoyera, yofewa, yomwazika kwambiri, yosungunuka. Makhalidwe ake abwino kwambiri monga momwe amagwirira ntchito monga mankhwala ndi kusakhazikika kwa mankhwala zimapangitsa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga mapepala. Kuphatikiza apo, Kaolin imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'magawo amakampani monga rabara, mapulasitiki, zotsukira, ndi kuyeretsa mafuta, komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba muulimi ndi chitetezo cha dziko. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga ceramic, zotsukira, zinthu zotsukira, kupanga mapepala, utoto, rabara, porcelain yapamwamba, mawaya ndi zingwe, mapulasitiki amakampani, zodzaza makampani opanga mankhwala, inki, chakudya, zodzoladzola, mankhwala, ndi zina zotero, m'malo mwa lithopone ndi gawo la titaniyamu mu utoto ndi zotsukira. Ufa woyera ndi zinthu zina zodula.

04 Ukadaulo Wokonza

Pofuna kulekanitsa mchere wosapangidwa ndi dongo ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga quartz, feldspar, mica, chitsulo, titaniyamu, ndi zina zotero mu Kaolin ndikupanga zinthu za Kaolin zomwe zingakwaniritse zosowa za mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka, kuyandama, kulekanitsa maginito, ndi zina zotero kuti ayeretse ndikuchotsa zonyansa kuchokera ku Kaolin, nthawi zina ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyeretsera mozama monga bleaching ya mankhwala, ultrafine flaking, calcination, ndi kusintha kwa pamwamba kuti muchiritse Kaolin.

(1) Kugawa kwa Hydraulic

Kugawa kwa hydraulic kumaphatikizapo kugawa kwa spiral (kulekanitsa mchenga wosalala wa +1mm), kugawa kwa thanki ya sedimentation (kulekanitsa mchenga wabwino wa +0.053mm), kugawa kwa hydrocyclone (kulekanitsa mchenga wabwino wa -0.053mm), kugawa kwa centrifugal classifier kapena kugawa kwa hydrocyclone yaying'ono (ya gulu la tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta 0.002-0.010mm).

(2) Kulekanitsa kwa maginito kwakukulu

Mphamvu ya maginito yoposa 1 600 kA/m imapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina osungira maginito kuti achotse Fe2O3 ndi TiO2 ku Kaolin ndikupanga zokutira mapepala ndi zipangizo zopangira ceramic zapamwamba.

(3) Kusankha kusuntha kwa madzi

Powonjezera zinthu zophwanyika, zinthu zodetsedwa monga quartz, pyrite, alunite, ndi zina zotero zimalekanitsidwa mwapadera kuti apange Kaolin yokutidwa ndi tsamba. Zinthu zophwanyika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi monga sodium hexametaphosphate, ammonium polyacrylamide, galasi lamadzi, ndi zina zotero.

(4) Kuyeretsa mankhwala

Zinthu zoyeretsera khungu monga ufa wa inshuwaransi zimawonjezedwa kuti zichepetse chitsulo champhamvu chomwe chili mu limonite ndi hematite mu Kaolin kukhala chitsulo chosungunuka cha ferrous, kapena ma oxidants amawonjezedwa kuti awonjezere pyrite ndi utoto wa zinyalala kuti Kaolin ikhale yoyera.

(5) Kuchotsa

Mu makina opukutira, mipira yapakatikati yosakaniza imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mphamvu yopukutira, kotero kuti tinthu ta Kaolin tomwe timaphatikizana timagawidwa m'makristalo opyapyala, ndikupanga Kaolin yokutidwa ndi tsamba yokhala ndi tinthu tosakwana 2μm komanso tomwe tili ndi zoposa 90%.

(6) Kuchuluka kwa madzi m'thupi

Kaolin ikasungunuka pa 800-1000℃, imataya madzi, kusintha kwa gawo kumachitika, ndipo zinthu zina zosafunika zimasinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti Kaolin ikhale yoyera komanso yoteteza kutentha ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zingwe ndi zodzaza mphira ndi pulasitiki. Kusungunuka kwa madzi ndi njira yofunikira yopangira Kaolin yochokera ku malasha (yolimba).

(7) Kusintha kwa pamwamba

Dongo la Kaolin limakutidwa ndi cholumikizira, ndi zina zotero, kuti liwonjezere kuchuluka kwa dongo la Kaolin lomwe limawonjezeredwa mu rabala la pulasitiki, ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zodzaza dongo la Kaolin za pulasitiki ya rabala.

Pakati pawo, kulekanitsa kwa maginito ndi njira yolekanitsira mchere yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yokonza mchere. Mfundo yake yayikulu ndikugwiritsa ntchito kusiyana kwa maginito kwa mcherewo kuti upeze kulekanitsa. Malinga ndi momwe maginito amagwiritsidwira ntchito, kulekanitsa kwa maginito kungagawidwe m'magulu awiri: kulekanitsa kwamphamvu kwa maginito, kulekanitsa kwa maginito kofooka, kulekanitsa kwa maginito kumbuyo ndi kulekanitsa kwa maginito okwera kwambiri kuti akwaniritse zosowa za mchere wosiyanasiyana. Zipangizo zopangira mchere zimaphatikizapo makamaka olekanitsa maginito a mbale, olekanitsa maginito okwera kwambiri, olekanitsa maginito okwera kwambiri, olekanitsa maginito okwera kwambiri, olekanitsa maginito okwera kwambiri otentha, olekanitsa maginito otsika kutentha, ndi zina zotero.

05 Milandu yogwiritsira ntchito mchere

Njira 1: Potengera dongo la Kaolin lachilendo, zinthu zodetsedwa zazikulu zomwe zili mu chitsanzochi zikuphatikizapo iron oxide, titanium oxide, ndi iron silicate. Mu miyala yaiwisi, zinthu zodetsedwa zomwe zili mu Fe2O3 ndi TiO2 ndi 0.89% ndi 0.17% motsatana, pomwe kuyera kumafika 67.29%.

Kuti tichotse bwino zinthu zodetsedwazi, tinapeza njira yoyesera iyi: Choyamba, perekani miyala yaiwisi kudzera mu electromagnetic slurry magnetic separator kuti mugawikane zinthu ziwiri, rough learning ndi fine select, kuti muchotse zinthu zambiri zodetsedwa poyamba. Kenako, concentrate yomwe yapezeka imayeretsedwanso kudzera mu superconducting magnetic separator kuti muchepetse kwambiri zinthu zodetsedwa ndikukweza Kaolin.

Tchati cha kayendedwe ka mayeso

Kutengera zotsatira za mayeso, zitha kuwoneka kuti miyala yaiwisi imatha kulekanitsidwa ndi slurry yamagetsi + slurry yamagetsi + superconducting magnetic separation kuti mupeze Kaolin concentrate product yokhala ndi Fe2O3 0.35% ndi whiteness 87.52%.

Njira yachiwiri:Mchere wosaphika umadutsa mu superconducting 5T magnetic learning. Njira yoyesera ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2, ndipo zotsatira za mayeso zikuwonetsedwa mu Table 2.

CHITHUNZI 2 Kuyendera koyesera kwa ubwino

Mchere wosaphika unayikidwa pa superconducting 5T magnetic learning kuti upeze Kaolin concentrate product yokhala ndi Fe2O3 0.40%, Al2O3 22.92%, SiO2 68.78%, TiO2 0.10%, CaO 1.90%, whiteness 86.97%, ndi zokolola za 90.90%.

Monga zipangizo zopangira mafakitale zambiri, Kaolin ili ndi mwayi waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito. Ndi kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo komanso chitukuko chokhazikika cha makampani, Kaolin idzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'magawo ambiri. M'tsogolomu, tikuyembekezera kukulitsa kwambiri momwe Kaolin imagwiritsidwira ntchito kudzera mu kafukufuku wozama komanso luso laukadaulo, kukwaniritsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kokhazikika, komanso kupereka zopereka zambiri pakukula kwa anthu. Nthawi yomweyo, tiyeneranso kulabadira mavuto azachilengedwe omwe angabuke panthawi ya migodi ndi kukonza Kaolin, ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti titsimikizire kuti chitukuko chanzeru cha Kaolin chikugwirizana ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.