Kuyambira m'ma 1990, mayiko akunja ayamba kuphunzira zaukadaulo wanzeru wopangira zinthu ndipo apanga zinthu zatsopano, monga GunsonSortex ku UK ndi Outo-kumpu ku Finland. ndi RTZOreSorters, ndi zina zotero, apanga ndikupanga mitundu yoposa khumi ya ma photoelectric sorters, ma radioactive sorters, ndi zina zotero, ndipo agwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'munda wosankha zitsulo zopanda chitsulo ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, koma chifukwa cha mtengo wake wokwera, kulondola kwake kochepa, mphamvu yake yokonza zinthu ndi yochepa, ndipo ndi yochepa pakukweza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
Poyerekeza ndi mayiko akunja, kafukufuku waukadaulo wokhudzana ndi dziko langa unayamba mochedwa, ndipo gawo lofufuza ndi lochepa. Pafupifupi chaka cha 2000, makina ena osankhika adawonekeranso pamsika wakunyumba, makamaka kusanja mitundu, kusanja infrared, kusanja magetsi, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kusanja tirigu, chakudya, tiyi, mankhwala, zopangira mankhwala, mapepala, magalasi, kusanja zinyalala ndi mafakitale ena, koma pazitsulo zamtengo wapatali komanso zosowa monga golide, nthaka yosowa, mkuwa, tungsten, malasha, miyala yachitsulo yofooka ya maginito, ndi zina zotero, sizingasankhidwe bwino ndikutayidwa pasadakhale, makamaka munthawi youma, zida zoponyera mchira zikadali zopanda kanthu.
Pakadali pano, migodi yakunyumba ilibe zida zapadera zogwirira ntchito pochotsa miyala yofooka ya maginito, miyala yachitsulo yopanda chitsulo, ndi zina zotero, makamaka potengera njira yoyambirira yosankhira ndi njira yolekanitsira maginito, ndipo kukula kwa tinthu tosankhira nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 20 ndi 150 mm. Mphamvu yayikulu komanso mtengo wokwera. Kwa mchere wokhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono pa mawonekedwe, kunyezimira, mawonekedwe, ndi kuchuluka kwa miyala ndi miyala ya zinyalala, mphamvu yosankhira ndi yotsika, cholakwika ndi chachikulu, ndipo zina sizingasiyanitsidwe. Pa magnetite, njira yolekanitsira maginito ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuponyera michira, koma pa miyala yokhala ndi mphamvu yofooka ya maginito, miyala yachitsulo yopanda chitsulo, ndi zina zotero, cholakwika cholekanitsa ndi chachikulu, mphamvu yolekanitsa ndi yotsika, ndipo pali kuwononga kwakukulu kwa chuma.
Makina osonkhanitsira anzeru a sensa ndi oyenera kutsuka miyala isanayambe ndi kusungunuka kwamphamvu kwa miyala yaiwisi komanso kusiyanitsa bwino pakati pa miyala yozungulira ndi miyala yothandiza ikaphwanyidwa.
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Kuchepetsa migodi yodulidwa kuli kofanana ndi kukulitsa malo osungiramo miyala yamtengo wapatali m'mafakitale;
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Kuchepetsa mtengo wopera ndi kukongoletsa zinthu pambuyo pake;
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Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito makinawa ikhoza kukonzedwa bwino ngati zipangizo zoyambira zopera sizikusintha;
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Kukonza giredi yomwe mwasankha kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikhale bwino komanso kuti zinthu zizikhala bwino komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zoyeretsera;
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Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa mipata yopyapyala, chepetsani ndalama zopangira ndi kukonza maiwe ozungulira mipata, ndikuwonjezera chitetezo kuzungulira malo osungiramo madzi.
Mwachitsanzo, migodi ya golide: pakadali pano, chuma cha golide chotsimikizika cha dziko langa chili pakati pa matani 15,000-20,000, chomwe chili pa nambala 7 padziko lonse lapansi, ndi golide wopangidwa pachaka woposa matani 360, golide wosungidwa m'miyala wosungidwa pafupifupi 60%, ndipo golide wosungidwa m'miyala wosungidwa pafupifupi 5%. Pafupifupi g/t, golide wosungidwa m'miyala wosungidwa ndi matani pafupifupi 3 biliyoni. Wakhala wopanga golide wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, njira yopangira golide m'dziko langa ikugwiritsabe ntchito njira yachikhalidwe yopangira golide wosungunuka. Palibe njira yothandiza yoponyera michira musanaponde ndi kupukuta. Ntchito yophwanya, kupukuta ndi kupukuta ndi yayikulu, ndipo mtengo wopangira golide ukadali wokwera. Kutayika kwa migodi ndi kopitilira 5%, kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsa ndi kusungunula ndi pafupifupi 90%, mtengo wopangira golide ndi wokwera, kuchuluka kwa kubwezeretsa chuma ndi kotsika, ndipo kuteteza chilengedwe ndi kotsika.
Pambuyo pochotsa zinyalala pogwiritsa ntchito njira yanzeru yosonkhanitsira masensa, miyala yosankhidwayo imatha kukhala ndi 50-80% ya miyala yosaphika yosankhidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti golide wosankhidwayo achuluke ndi nthawi 3-5, ndikuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito mufakitale yopaka utoto ndi 15-20%, kuwonjezeka kwa 25-30% kwa miyala yotayidwa ndi 10-15% popanga zitsulo.
Mtengo woponda ndi kupukusira ungapulumutsidwe ndi zoposa 50%, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala otsatizana kungachepetsedwe ndi zoposa 50%, mphamvu yopangira imawonjezeka kwambiri, kugwiritsanso ntchito miyala ya zinyalala kumawonjezeka, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kumachepa, ndipo phindu la zachuma limawonjezeka kwambiri.
Kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasanja masensa anzeru kumatha kufika pa 1mm mpaka 300mm, ndipo sensa imatha kuzindikira zidutswa za miyala mpaka 40,000 pa sekondi. Zimangotenga ms zochepa pa chidutswa chilichonse cha miyala kuyambira pa kuzindikira kwa sensa yolandira mpaka malangizo osankhidwira omwe aperekedwa ndi actuator. Zimangotenga ms zochepa kuti gawo lolowetsamo limalize kugwira ntchito kamodzi. Mphamvu yayikulu yogwiritsira ntchito makina amodzi imatha kufika 400 t/h, ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizo chimodzi imatha kufika matani 3 miliyoni pachaka, zomwe ndizofanana ndi kukula kwa mgodi wapakati ndi waukulu.
Zipangizo zanzeru zokonzera masensa zimatha kusintha mapulogalamu mosavuta ndi malire okonzeratu pa intaneti, ndikuyankha kusinthasintha kwa mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa miyala yaiwisi pakapita nthawi, zomwe sizingatheke pazida zachikhalidwe zokonzera. Bola ngati miyala yaiwisi yafika pamlingo winawake wolekanitsidwa mu gawo lophwanyidwa, ngakhale itakhala digiri yokha yolekanitsidwa ya mwala wozungulira kapena gangue, kapena kuchuluka komaliza kupangidwa mwachindunji, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zachitsulo (osati maginito kapena maginito ofooka achitsulo, mkuwa, lead, Pre-selection ndi kutaya zinyalala za zinc, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, tin, rare earth, gold, etc.), malasha ndi mchere wosakhala wachitsulo monga talc, fluorite, calcium carbonate, dolomite, calcite, apatite, ndi zina zotero. Kuchuluka kwa coarse concentrate komwe kumalowa mu ndondomeko yotsatira kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo kalasi imakwezedwa, zomwe zingachepetse kwambiri mtengo wopera ndi kupindulitsa pambuyo pake. Kupatsa sensor nzeru sikungafanane ndi kusanja kwachikhalidwe kwamanja, kupatukana kwa maginito, ndi kupatukana kwa photoelectric pankhani yolondola yozindikiritsa, liwiro la kuyankhidwa, luso losankha, ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito. Kusankha mwanzeru kwa kuzindikira ndi chizindikiro chokwanira cha ukadaulo wamakono wozindikira ndi ukadaulo wa digito, ndipo kwakhala njira yayikulu yopangira zinthu zomwe zimasankhidwa kale.
Zachilengedwe za ku China makamaka ndi miyala yopanda mafuta ambiri, ndipo mphamvu yosungiramo zinthu ndi yayikulu. Momwe mungatayire zinyalala pasadakhale, kukonza bwino ntchito yopera ndi kuigwiritsa ntchito pambuyo pake, ndikuchepetsa mtengo woigwiritsa ntchito, ndikuyankha mwachangu zofunikira zonse za dzikolo za "kumanga migodi yanzeru ndi migodi yobiriwira", kodi Chakhala chizolowezi chosapeŵeka pakukula kwa makampani amigodi mdziko langa. Chifukwa chake, chitukuko cha zida zanzeru zosankhidwiratu zoyenera mchere wapakhomo chili pafupi, ndipo chiyembekezo cha msika chidzakhala chachikulu kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-25-2022